From a geomorphologic perspective, the soil and ground conditions date back to the Miocene era, i.e. between 25 and 10 million years ago.  The soil is made up from sediment deposited during the fourth period of the tertiary era and contains sand, limestone and clay.  In addition, the abundance of boulders on the ground’s surface act to reflect the sun’s rays towards the lower parts of the vines, which would otherwise receive less sun. 

The winters are cold and dry and in general the spring and summer are dry and very hot.  In September (a key month for ripening) rainfall is usually scarce and there is a sharp difference between the temperatures during the day and night.  These factors result in excellent phenolic ripening.